Another cause for concern – genetics. Anemia can be passed down in genes as well. Called inherited blood diseases, sickle cell, thalassemia and aplastic anemia are the three most common types of genetic anemia. In sickle cell patients, red blood cells have a hard or rounded edge that makes it difficult for the cells to move through blood vessels.

If they get stuck, the red blood cells restrict the blood that goes to organs and limbs. Conversely, people with thalassemia have trouble making hemoglobin and have a low red blood cell count. In contrast, aplastic anemia is rarer than the previous types. People with aplastic anemia have trouble producing any type of blood cell.

What are the symptoms of anemia?

According to the Office on Women’s Health, part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, here are some symptoms that may indicate the presence of anemia.

• fatigue;
• pale skin;
• shortness of breath;
• rapid or irregular heartbeat;
• dizziness;
• chest pain;
• irritability;low body temperature;
• trouble focusing on tasks;
• restless leg syndrome;
• headaches;
• craving non-food substances like ice;
• anxiety;
• hair loss;
• underactive thyroid; and
• changes in the appearance or texture of the tongue.

Although these signs could mean you are anemic, it is important first to consider your risk factors. For example, women have a higher risk of developing IDA, and people with African, South or Central American (particularly Panamanian), Caribbean, Mediterranean, Indian or Saudi Arabian descent have a higher risk for sickle cell anemia.

Also consider whether you have undergone a major surgery, are recovering from a major infection or have recently given birth. See how your symptoms develop over a short period and notify your doctor if you believe you could be developing any type of anemia.