Dry Air
Especially during the winter months when heating systems dry out indoor air, dry air can cause the throat to feel painful and scratchy. If you are congested, breathing through your mouth can irritate your throat.
If you develop a dry, scratchy throat that’s especially painful in the mornings, try putting a humidifier near your bed.
Allergies
While most sore throats are the result of an infection, allergies -- which can range from mold or pollen to pet dander or environmental irritants -- can cause a condition called post-nasal drip, or excess mucus gathering in the back of the throat. This can contribute to irritation or inflammation, leading to a sore throat.
Allergy medications, along with a thorough cleaning to remove irritants or allergens from the home, can help ease these symptoms.
GERD
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) also called acid reflux disease, is a condition in which stomach acid creeps into the esophagus. GERD causes sore throats, along with a range of other symptoms, including hoarseness, heartburn and chronic nausea. With GERD, patients may feel as though they have a lump in their throats.
Patients with GERD usually can manage the condition with over-the-counter antacids or medications, which reduce acid production. In more serious cases, a prescription-strength medication may be required, and in rare cases, surgery is performed to reinforce the lower esophageal sphincter and prevent reflux.