Spinal Cord Stimulation – A pacemaker-like device is implanted that stimulates the nerves into producing a tingling or massage-like feeling instead of pain. This is usually inserted into the lower back with wires that attach to the spinal canal. Patients use a remote control device to control the stimulation, typically when they start to feel a certain level of pain.

Electric Signals -- An electrical nerve stimulator is inserted under the skin and sends low-voltage signals to the area of concern through pads. This is believed to interrupt signals to the brain and produce endorphins that enhance the patient’s feeling of well-being.

Pumps – These are implanted and allow the patient to regulate relief by pushing a battery-powered button that delivers anesthetics and other medicines directly to the targeted area. This helps patients by giving them a sense of control and may eliminate some of the side effects of oral medication by directly injecting them into the trouble spots. Cancer patients typically are the prime users.

Cell Therapy – Although it’s still in development, research scientists are looking into stem cell therapy using bone marrow, injecting them into areas that are sources of pain. The concept is that the stem cells will help build healthier new tissue and help the patient eliminate pain.

Medications that Treat Chronic Pain

There are more traditional routes to help pain. One way is the use of antidepressants at doses lower than those used to treat depression. These affect the brain's reactions to pain. Pamelor, Elavil, Cymbalta and Norpramin are tricyclic antidepressants that are used to target brain chemicals like serotonin and norepinephrine.