For many, the mosquito bite is one of the first things that pops to mind when they hear the word “itch.” While bug bites are one of the most common causes, itching, called pruritis, is any uncomfortable irritation in the skin that elicits the urge to scratch. Itching can be generalized (happen all over the body) or localized (confined to one area), and can have a wide range of causes.  The vast majority of itches have a very simple explanation and easy treatment, while others, particularly unexplained itches with no visible cause, can be a symptom of an underlying disease.

What’s Causing My Itch?

Because itching is so common and so varied in source, you should consult with your doctor if you have a persistent itch without a visible cause. If the itch is persistent and accompanied by a visible skin abnormality, it may require treatment by a dermatologist. The vast majority of itch has no serious cause and can be treated easily and quickly. That said, it is always important to note symptoms that accompany the itch, especially with persistent itch.

Common causes of itch include:

Dry Skin

Dry skin, or xerosis, is possibly the most common cause of itch without rash. Many people who have suffered sunburn report itch following prolonged exposure to UV radiation from the sun. This may be the body’s way of encouraging us to speed along the process of shedding the burned outer layers of skin. If you don’t see a red, irritated area or a dramatic change in the affected skin area, dry skin is likely the cause of your itch. This can be a result of a number of environmental factors, such as hot or cold weather, low humidity, long-term use of air conditioning or central heating, or washing or bathing too often.

What Can I Do?

Itch caused by dry skin can be treated with hydrating lotion or anti-itch creams and lotions that contain camphor, menthol, phenol, pramoxine (Caladryl, for example), diphenhydramine (Benadryl), or benzocaine.